Identification of potential new targets for ovarian adenocarcinoma immunotherapy based on tumor cell immunopeptidome

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Despite recent therapeutic advances, ovarian adenocarcinoma remains the most lethal gynecological cancer. Tumors initially respond to treatment, but 80% of patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma experience relapses within 6-12 months after completion of chemotherapy. Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, however its applicability remains limited to specific tumor types. Understanding which antigens are presented by tumor cells as part of major histocompatibility complexes class I (MHC I) and are subsequently recognized by T cells is an important step towards new effective targeted immunotherapy strategies.
A preliminary method for isolating the immunopeptidome from postoperative tumor material was improved, which made it possible to identify over 1000 unique peptide sequences of MHC I ligands from 0.1 g of tumor material, more than 80% of which are affinity to the corresponding MHC I alleles according to bioinformatics analysis. Among the identified peptides of the ovarian adenocarcinoma immunopeptidome, 97 peptide fragments of 10 tumor-specific proteins (cancer/testis antigens) were found, which are normally present only in cells of the male gonads. Their specificity for the tumor was confirmed based on The Human Protein Atlas.
This work was carried out with state funding for the “Immunopeptidome” project, state registration number of R&amp;D 124031200004-7.

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